5 of the Best Free Email Marketing Services Compared

Looking for a way to run your email marketing efforts without breaking the bank? The free email marketing services on this list all let you send thousands of emails per month without spending a single penny.Keep reading for a detailed look at each free email marketing services sending limits and pros and cons. Then, well share our recommendations at the end SendinBlue (www.sendinblue.com)Mailchimp (mailchimp.com)Benchmark (www.benchmarkemail.com)OmniSend (www.omnisend.com)Sender (www.sender.net)ServiceSubscriber limitMonthly send limitDaily send limitSendinBlueUnlimited~3,000300Mailchimp2,00012,0002,000Benchmark2,00014,000NoneOmniSendUnlimited15,0002,000Sender2,50015,000NoneKeep reading for a deeper look at each service, starting with1. SendinBlue (www.sendinblue.com)SendinBlue main headquarters are in France, so youre guaranteed to comply with GDPR. It also has a decent free plan along with support for SMS text message sending all in the same dashboard.How many emails/subscribers do you get for free?The free plan lets you have an unlimited number of contacts, but youre limited to 300 emails per day. For that reason, it might not be a great option if you want to send out email blasts to all your subscribers at the same time. However, if you have lots of drip campaigns, its quite flexible because theres no subscriber cap.The first upgrade is called the Lite plan, which offers 40,000 emails per month at $25 per month. The daily sending limit is removed.What makes this one of the best free email marketing services?A strong drag and drop email editor.Impressive automation with things like coupons in emails and abandoned cart messages.Integrations with platforms like Shopify, Salesforce, and Intercom.Heat mapping and A/B testing to see how your emails are doing.SMS marketing that can be linked to your email campaigns.A feature-rich WordPress plugin that lets you manage everything from your WordPress dashboard.Who should use it?Because of the way the free plan works, SendinBlue is a good option if you have lots of subscribers but you dont need to email them all at the same time. Its also a good option for WordPress users because of its official plugin and it has better analytics than many of the other free email marketing services.2. Mailchimp (mailchimp.com)Mailchimp is a favorite of many bloggers and small businesses because it was one of the first big email services to offer a completely free plan. Not only that, but Mailchimp has some excellent eCommerce and automation tools.How many emails/subscribers do you get for free?The free plan includes 12,000 emails per month for up to 2,000 subscribers.If you would like to upgrade to unlimited emails it costs $10 per monththe catch is that you can only have up to 500 subscriberswhich isnt the case for some alternatives.What makes this one of the best free email marketing services?The drag and drop builder, along with the beautiful templates, are some of the best in the business.You get landing pag es.Mailchimp has tools for Instagram and Facebook ads and posts.Connect with tools like Shopify, Eventbrite, and Salesforce.The automation tools include options for abandoned carts, welcome campaigns, and product recommendations.A/B testing and segmentation make your emails more effective.Who should use it?We like Mailchimp for any small businesses and bloggers that appreciate great designs. Its also nice if you have an eCommerce store or plan on automating emails.3. Benchmark (www.benchmarkemail.com)Benchmark boasts a speedy email designer made just for busy marketers. You can edit photos right in the editor and the templates are great for a wide variety of businesses.How many emails/subscribers do you get for free?The free plan lets you have up to 2,000 subscribers and send up to 14,000 emails per month, which is almost exactly what you get with Mailchimp.If youd like to upgrade, you can start with 600 subscribers and unlimited sends per month for $13.99.What makes this one of the best free email marketing services?The 14,000 sends per month (for the free plan) is pretty darn good.It doesnt take much time to build an email campaign.You can easilly custom code your emails.The automation options include welcome emails, abandoned carts, and follow-ups.Polls and surveys are included.You receive tools for A/B testing and integrating with hundreds of apps.Who should use it?Since the free plan is one of the best on the market, I would recommend it to those who cant afford to pay anything for an email marketing tool. Otherwise, it works well for bloggers and eCommerce stores.4. OmniSend (www.omnisend.com)OmniSend is a must for those who are only running online stores. It quickly pulls products from your store and generates beautiful and fun emails and opt-in forms to grow your email list.How many emails/subscribers do you get for free?The free plan offers you 15,000 emails per month and 2,000 emails per day. It doesnt matter how many subscribers you have.Upgrading d epends on whether you need more emails per month or more advanced features. The first option is $8 per month for 500 subscribers and 15,000 emails. The email count and pricing goes up with more subscribers.What makes this one of the best free email marketing services?The free plan is a steal and the upgrades are rather flexible.The eCommerce integrations instantly pull products you want to sell into the email.It has creative signup forms like popups, landing pages, and a wheel-of-fortune game.Send out discount codes or scratch cards.Send out automated emails for abandoned carts and order confirmations.Who should use it?OmniSend is a great free option for eCommerce stores. You can still use it if youre not running a store, but youll miss out on a lot of the unique features.5. Sender (www.sender.net)Sender is yet another email service with a wonderful free plan. It also offers push notifications to go along with its segmentation, integrations, and stunning designs.How many emails/subs cribers do you get for free?The free plan lets you have up to 2,500 subscribers and send 15,000 emails per month.The next upgrade is $10 per month for 5,000 subscribers and 60,000 emails per month.What makes this one of the best free email marketing services?It has plugins for most popular content management systems.Video gets converted into animated GIFs inside emails.The analysis tools include click maps and Google Analytics.Adding eCommerce products is done by quickly copying and pasting links.Who should use it?Sender has some wonderful tools, but I like it best because the pricing remains fairly low as you upgrade.Which service is right for you?For my final recommendation, Id argue that Mailchimp is the best all-around free platform. That is if youre okay with the limit of 2,000 subscribers.If you prefer to be able to send to an unlimited number of subscribers then SendinBlue is going to be your choice. I also like their SMS feature.If youre running an eCommerce store, you have to try out OmniSend.Have any other questions about the best ways to get started with email marketing on a budget? Let us know in the comments section! * This post contains affiliate links, which means that if you click on one of the product links and then purchase the product, well receive a small fee. No worries though, youll still pay the standard amount so theres no cost on your part.

Rennasiance essays

Rennasiance essays A booming economy along with the communes desire to obtain political power led to the formation of a new class in society which ultimately lead Europe into a period simply known as the Renaissance. Northern Italys thriving economy was a result of great advances in shipbuilding. Their ships were capable of sailing year round and could travel even greater distances, which meant they could eliminate middle men and make an even greater profit on their goods. Genoa and Venice also increased the size of their ships which allowed them to carry larger quantities of the goods. These factors lead to the development of the Florence wool industry in which thousands were hired to produce exquisite woolen cloth which, in turn, were sold at high prices. Florence bankers had also secured control of papal banking and the resulting profits from loans, investments, and money exchanges flooded into the economy. The period from 1050 to 1300 was a great time of prosperity so naturally men wanted economic freedom. The Northern Italian cities were communes in which men vowed to obtain political and economic freedom from the higher powers. These men were joined by nobles who saw an opportunity to gain wealth and power via maritime trade and availability of new public offices. This new class formed by feudal nobility and commercial aristocracy, was opposed by the popolo who felt they were being mistreated by the new communal government. They used violence to obtain power and they too mistreated those with less social standing. They were unable to establish social order so signori and constitutional oligarchies took their place. The Italian peninsula was now controlled by 5 powers during the Renaissance. These 5 powers successfully crushed revolts, collected taxes, and used large building programs to employ the masses. For years Italy was at war with itself as city-states battled one another. Eventually the idea of having resident ambassador was ...

Managed Care Organizations and Integrated Health Care Networks Assignment - 1

Managed Care Organizations and Integrated Health Care Networks - Assignment Example According to Kavaler & Spiegel the physicians have a duty to keep all the information from the patients as confidential as possible. The physicians should deal with information without interfering with the code of ethics and adhere to all the legal procedures. There are cases when the physician should not disclose the patient’s confidentiality unless required by the federal law. This can occur when a patient threatens to cause body harm to himself or the other partner. Therefore, the ethical requirements are not a set of rules but acts as a legal procedure. Health Maintenance Organization (HMOs) assumes fully the risk with the employer, insurer, and oneself. In this type, payments are done on each individual employee or member in a given population in a specific month. The staff model for this type of organization comprises the employees in HMO. Furthermore, they are supposed to be physicians from HMO and can only become specialists after approval. Either a doctor or a nurse administers the cancer drugs and it may require that before some drugs be administered before reapprove.

American indian Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

American indian - Essay Example He was also known as â€Å"Liver-eating Johnston† because it was believed that he ate the livers of the Indians he killed as a sign of disrespect. In the movie however, Johnson was not really a violent man. He was only driven into vendetta when the Crow Indians murdered his family. Redford gave a great performance in this movie. Even with just Redford’s acting, the film could very well be a stand-out. Will Geer’s performance as Bear Claw Chris Lapp is also outstanding. The thing that I liked best in the movie is the fantastic cinematography. The film was shot in Utah Zion’s National Park. The setting is breath-taking and gives an excellent backdrop for the movie. The background music used in the movie is very appropriate and blends well with the scenery. I find the last scene of the movie very touching. Johnson is shown reaching his hand into the air as a sign of friendship in reaction to the Crow Chief’s raising of his hand too as a sign of peace b etween the tribe and Johnson. I find this scene also symbolic of the friendship that is to come between Johnson and the Crow Indians. There was so much meaning in this scene. In terms of accuracy, I think Pollack researched well about the language, culture and clothing at that time. The technology presented is authentic such as the use of the Hawken rifle.

Discuss Freud's theory of the unconscious and give all the examples of Essay

Discuss Freud's theory of the unconscious and give all the examples of Freudian psychodynamic techniques that aim to make the unconscious conscious - Essay Example These unconscious forces represent primitive instinctual drives and ideal person that a person wishes to be. However, human conscious plays a balancing role in the personality. To explain id, one can say that it represents the natural inborn instinctual drives of food, sex and shelter. Id encourages one’s self to go about fulfilling these drives. It is these primitive drives that id encourages person to fulfill these desires. On the other hand, we have another conscious force known as super ego. Super ego represents the ideal person we wish to be in the eyes of other. It therefore encourages a person to be become perfectionist and to always do the socially correct thing. However, this again is not always possible and person needs to balance the id and the super ego. This balancing is provided by the presence of ego. Ego is one’s conscious personality which balances the desires of id and super ego. It is necessary because we can neither fulfill our instinctual drives and needs to look at the time and space and we cannot be perfectionists because we have to make a lot of compromises if to live a successful life. All of the above discussion was about the unconscious personality in humans which Sigmund Freud talked about. In fact he was the founder and was the first one to promulgate this concept. There was no such concept before that and his definition and introduction of human conscious opened the doors for various future psychological research. He believed that actions and behaviors of every human are linked to unconscious and this is linked to development. To further elaborate the concept he introduced new concepts of ego, superego and id which are discussed above. He named his approach as psychoanalytic approach. The major problem for the psychologists following this approach and for Sigmund Freud himself was how to unearth this unconscious of human beings. According to Freud, since human beings themselves are not aware about

Livelihood in Myanmar

Livelihood in Myanmar Significance of the Study Myanmar is the agricultural based economy with very rich resources. Agricultural, including livestock and fishery is most important sector for Myanmars economy. The key crops for the agricultural sector are rice, pulses, beans, sesame, peanuts, sugarcane and etc. Nearly three quarters of the population who live in rural areas main livelihood depend on that sector. Environmental resources directly support the basis of the livelihoods of poor people in Myanmar. Myanmar faces environmental problems arising from underdevelopment and poverty. It has some problems of deforestation, loss of biological resources, land degradation due to wind and water erosion, urbanization and mismanagement. Every economic action can have some effect on the environment, and every environmental change can have an impact on the economy. Environmental management, such as, forestry operations; improvements in air quality; changes in environmental institutions and governance; and investment in water and sanitation infrastructure are important. Poor countries are much more dependent on natural resources as assets than rich countries. Wealthier households have greater access to environmental infrastructure and better health outcomes. Health targets requires public policies that focus on reducing environmental risk factors through better access to basic environmental services, as well as better access to health and education services. A link between natural resources, the environment and poverty is at least plausible. Environmental change, particularly of local natural resources, can affect poverty through many pathways. Consider poor households welfare depend on assets that the household has. These assets may include biophysical, human, environmental, and constructed capital. At any point in time, household well being depends on the return to these assets and any exogenous shocks. Exogenous shocks simply reflect unexpected changes as a result of natural disasters, death, or market changes. Further, returns to assets generally have two components: (1) known returns (2) an uncertain component that depends on weather, sickness, and so on. Changes in welfare can thus result from three types of changes: (1) changes in asset holdings, (2) changes in returns to these holdings (3) changes in exogenous income, which can be positive or negative. While we use household income and welfare interchangeably, we recognize that income is only one measure of well being. Changes in environmental management can have two effects in the short to medium term. First, it can change the return to assets. Agro-forestry techniques might contribute to improved indoor air quality, health, and productivity. Then, second, improved environmental quality would be to add greater value to the flows from household land or labor. Any Health improvements that come from environmental management will also have direct welfare impacts that are independent of productivity improvements. Changes in resource management can also increase household assets. Improved environmental quality may contribute to reduced mortality and greater labor power. It is important to recognize that labor is often only asset that poor households have, and that sickness and death can have intergenerational affects. Any improvement in environmental health can have long-term impacts on households ability to move out of poverty. Environmental changes can contribute to unexpected shocks. Climate change can increase the variability of returns, for example, with greater variation in rainfall patterns, the variability of crop yields may increase. On 2 and 3 May Cyclone Nargis struck Myanmar and 31 townships were significantly affected by the cyclone in Ayarwaddy Division and Yangon Division. The damage was most severe in the Delta region, also known as the countys rice bowl. Delta is by no means of poorest parts on Myanmar. However, development is relatively limited. As agriculture is the driving force for that area, the uncertainties impact on the households of income in others sectors. The people in Delta are primarily farmers, fisher man and labors, with a smaller proportion engaged in the service industries and as traders. Approximately 50-60 percents of families in the Delta are engaged in agriculture. River basin areas are removed the covering by forest, leading to kore frequent and severe flooding. After that disaster, many aids projects are supporting for the vulnerable. It has been after two years Nargis. The aids agencies are still supporting for them. However, they support most of the people in rural areas are much worse off today than a decade ago. Farmers incomes are barely enough to provide food, with left over for clothing, school fees, shelters, supplies or medicine. Environmental problems including deteriorating water supply and diminishing common property resources further impact the poor. This study focuses on the farmers from the Pyapon Township from Nargis Affected area. As mentioned above, that area is very important for the agriculture sector, it has been two years after Nargis, the situation of farmers are remain unchanged. The research will find out, how the poor families coping with collapsing livelihood and income? and what are the problems for them? And what are the immediate aids for farmers to solve these problems? Do the recovery aids for livelihood of farmers improve their welfare environmentally, technically and economically? The more the environment is used up by this mining of the land, trees, fishes and other resources, the frequent and severe floods, drought and other national disaster will be. Now, there are changes in delta hydrology caused by the flooding and impact on soil quality due to salt water erosion. There is also less fresh water at that area. Which problems they will face later? What kids of environmental management technique for their improvement? What should be done to overturn the current trend?

Bay Of Pigs :: American America History

Bay Of Pigs The story of the failed invasion of Cuba at the Bay of Pigs, which is located on the south coast of Cuba about 97 miles southeast of Havanna, was one of mismanagement, poor judgment, and stupidity ("Bay of Pigs" 378). The blame for the failed invasion falls directly on the CIA (Central Intelligence Agency) and a young president by the name of John F. Kennedy. The whole intention of the invasion was to assault communist Cuba and put an end to Fidel Castro. Ironically, thirty-nine years after the Bay of Pigs, Fidel Castro is still in power. First, it is necessary to look at why the invasion happened and then why it did not work. From the end of World War II until the mid-eighties, most Americans could agree that communism was the enemy. Communism wanted to destroy our way of life and corrupt the freest country in the world. Communism is an economic system in which one person or a group of people are in control. The main purpose of communism is to make the social and economic status of all individuals the same. It abolishes the inequalities in possession of property and distributes wealth equally to all. The main problem with this is that one person who is very wealthy can be stripped of most of his wealth so that another person can have more material goods and be his equal. The main reason for the Bay of Pigs attack on Cuba was the change to communism. On January 1, 1959, Cuban dictator Fulgencio Batista fled the country for the safety of the Dominican Republic (Goode, Stephen 75). Fidel Castro and his guerrilla warriors overthrew the old government dictated by Batista. During the next couple of weeks, Castro established a new government and on February 16, he was officially declared premier (Finkelstein, Norman H. 127). The United States accepted this new regime as a relief from the harsh, corrupt, and unpopular government of Batista. Soon after everything settled down, Castro and his men made a rapid move to change their political course. He announced his transformation to Marxism-Leninism and avowed his friendship with the Soviet Union (Goode, Stephen 75). These events upset the United States and there were concerns about Castro becoming too powerful. One reason was the friendship with the Soviet Union because Cuba was receiving armed forces to expan d and improve its army.

What Is Fashion?

An in depth discussion about fashion, its influence towards society and primarily causes responsible for these processes This essay offers a sociological approach towards fashion in which will be critically evaluated, in context of its influence on society, origins of fashion and whether external or/and internal causes are responsible for these processes. This essay begins with an introduction to fashion in a social aspect.According to Kumara (2005) the meaning of fashion is not Just about visual clothing but also the invisible elements behind it such as symbolic meanings and a sense of competition. Fashion is a trend of imitating those whom is admired and envied however fashion is never stationary or fixed, it is ever-changing but does not mean the old is discarded Just may be merely adjusted (Flues, 1930). Rubberiest (2001) argues that a style becomes a fashion through a process called â€Å"collective selection† the fashion is then imitated.This essay then goes into the his tory of fashion, what fashion was like before twenty first century, what the clothing meant to different social classes, with this it will explain how fashion was exposed to other social classes not Just the aristocrats. It is then followed by an evaluation of the importance of fashion in general for society then briefly mentions about the fashion values for boys and girls, men and women.Finally, concluding this essay with a summary of possible internal and/or external causes of the processes for fashion. One definition for fashion is the mass production of goods for adornment in which are imitated from people that are admired and envied however this is more of a modern phenomenon (Edwards, 1997; Flues, 1930). The definition for fashion will never be stationary therefore it is conceived as irrational because it has no content, arks as an external decoration, and carries no intellectual elements (Kumara, 2005).According to Kumara (2005) and Flues (1930) fashion is a concept of imitat ion, it is a fundamental human trait to imitate those who are admired or envied (e. G. Celebrities), and however Herbert Bubbler argued that a style becomes a fashion through the process of â€Å"collective selection† (as cited in Rubberiest, 2003 peg. 14). For example a designer offers a large number of styles on the runway; only a few of these are chosen by buyers, magazine editors, and boutique owners which are then offered to their clients.When consumers actually buy the clothes, those styles become the fashion; consumer relevance, not the designer's, turns a style into fashion (Rubberiest, 2001). In other words those who are admired get their styles from boutiques where the designers had offered their styles beforehand therefore consumers buys the selected styles of their choice and those styles then becomes the fashion – the style becomes a fashion quicker when the buyer is one an admired or envied person.Thus before something becomes a fashion it goes through th e process of collective selection then becomes the fashion object for people to imitate. However the paradox of fashion is that everyone is trying at the same time to be like but yet different, from the person they admire or new – to be like them in so far as they regards them as superiors, to be unlike them (in the sense of being more fashionable') (Flues, 1930).Another essential concept of fashion lies in competition – decoration has a sexual and social value, attractive, and striking forms of ornaments being useful both for purposes of sexual allurement and as signs of rank, wealth, or power – following the convention that the more elaborate and decorative the costume, the higher the social position of the wearer however this was a fashion phenomenon before the nineteenth century (Flues, 1930; Kumara, 2005).In contrast the bohemian fashion sense was less is more thus individuals tend to wear clothing that is simple and has a relaxing feel to it but yet contem porary. The Bohemian style applies to those who live an unconventional and artistic lifestyle thus it was stereotyped to those in the middle class and underclass (Wilson, 2000). However it was at a conference when Richard Florida made a speech about high tech Coos to discover that the bohemian style was not only for those of the middle class and under class people: muff can't have high tech innovation without art and music.All forms of creativity feed off each other†¦ Elf you really want to know how important this is don't ask the high tech Coos or the mayor or the Chamber of Commerce. Ask the guys in the band! â€Å"†¦ The musicians who looked like members of Cowan O'Brien late-night ensemble†¦ Were not local grunge's. They were high-tech Coos and venture capitalists† (Florida, 2003 peg. 191) The purpose of this quote was to show that mom high classed individuals do not dress extravagantly as to show off their wealth, it is quite the opposite.Also it illustrat es that the bohemian style has grown and expanded throughout all levels of the social classes. Before the nineteenth century fashion was only available for those with status such as the aristocrats, as mentioned before the more extravagant the clothing the higher the social position, this mainly occurred before the nineteenth century. Fashion in the fifteenth century is something different from fashion in the nineteenth and twentieth century.In the fifteenth century fashion was an indicator of class status, a court privilege monopolized by aristocracy while commoners would hardly dare call themselves fashionable because they will be frowned upon because they had no rights to be dressed as them, they are unwilling to abandon the signs of superiority and distinctiveness (Flues, 1930; Rubberiest, 2001). The extravagance of fashion in this case meaner higher social status therefore it is part of the individual's identity; the type of fashion people wore during these times distinguished the nobles from the commoners (Kumara, 2005).Flues (1930) mentions that when every man is as good as his fellows, there are no superior social strata left to imitate, and it would seem as though the race of fashion must end, since those behind have definitely caught up those in front. However in the nineteenth century no longer did the aristocracy alone lead fashion, but the wealthy that had the material meaner were invading into their social place therefore fashion became more available (Heywood ; Garcia, 2012; Flues, 1930; Rubberiest, 2001).By the twentieth century, fashion became increasingly democratic, and everyone, regardless of rank or status, had a eight to look fashionable (Heywood ; Garcia, 2012). With the naturalism that followed the French Revolution, the body once more came into its own rights, and the purpose of clothes became the relatively secondary one of throwing into relief the beauties of the body – fashion became more simple and exiguous, the exposure of the bohemian style (Flues, 1930).Therefore the idea of the more extravagant clothing the higher social status slowly diminished; the fashion trend changed and became available to the whole society and not Just the aristocrats. Thus fashion now plays a significant role in the manifestation of differences. The class boundary has become blurry since the decline of European aristocrats, and people desired to make subtle distinctions in order to differentiate themselves from others (Kumara, 2005). This is the modernity of fashion.Fashion is more than Just visual clothing and accessories but also act an indicator of social status or rank, personality or identity; it is also symbolic, expressive, creative, and coercive (Heywood ; Garcia, 2012; Kumara, 2005; Edwards, 1997). According to Flues (1930) fashion is symbolic; it can be presented as trophies (e. G. Hunter wears rare fox belt), terrorizing (consisting of parts of the fallen enemies which can be perceived as awe-inspiring and grueso me), sign of rank and/or occupation, sign of locality or nationality, display of wealth and extension of the bodily self (e. . A skirt can increase the feeling of size, importance, and beauty or how some skirts may add to the effect of movement). Fashion is more concerned with theories between people beyond kin, and the mechanisms through which we form affiliations and select partners with whom to co-operate with (Heywood ; Garcia, 2003). There are two aspects in particular contribute to individual's interaction preferences, and they unconsciously look for cues that signal trustworthiness and cooperation; fashion happens to be one of those cues (Heywood & Garcia, 2003).Therefore it is from their clothes that whether individuals form a good or bad first impression and this is very important especially when going for a job interview or meeting someone you like because people will Judge at first sight hence a good fashion sense can be essential. Indirect expression of an individual thr ough his garments enables us to Judge whether or not this acquaintance is reindeer, angry, frightened, curious, hurried or at ease. It also tells something about their sex, occupation, nationality, and social standing, and thus enabling us to make preliminary adjustment of our behavior towards them (Flues, 1930).For example two guys came up to a girl and both ask for her number, one guy in a messy shirt and ripped pants while the other in a decent shirt and Shares, the girl will most likely be more inclined to give the guy with decent clothes her number because he seems more trustworthy. However familiarity cause them to be overlooked, in other words his does not apply to those that individuals become familiar with because they have already been accepted into the group (Flues, 1930; Kumara 2005).According to Kumara (2005), Heywood and Garcia (2012) fashion is simultaneously about belonging into a group and innovating – distinguishing and identifying oneself; it helps us signa l group conformity, the innate, evolutionarily based need to fit in with the group; and it is about sex and status in that it increases our â€Å"mate value†. Fashion is the result of a great deal of influence which collectively determines the social Truckee of society. Fashion values differ within gender and females happens to be more intact with fashion than males however it does not mean that men do not.On the female side (women), use fashionable products to enhance or create an illusion of youth, beauty and fertility, and on the male (men) side, to display wealth and status (Heywood & Garcia, 2003). It has been stereotyped that fashion for men does not exist that men dress for comfort rather than style; that women dress men and buy clothes for men, nevertheless fashion for men is not taken seriously because t is not appropriately ‘masculine' to take a serious interest in it but they are well dressed for their occupation (Edwards, 1997).Fashion for women is a source of power that can be controlled by using fashion as a tool women shifted from nature to culture, focusing on beauty (Kumara, 2005). Fashion is not only stereotypically positively correlated with feminism but also somewhat true due to women constantly striving to achieve youth and beauty however fashion is where identities can be discovered, and fashion plays no role in the oppression of women or exclusion of men (Kumara, 2005). As Wilson explains: †¦ N ‘administrating the wearer's spectacular identity contemporary fashion refuses the dichotomy nature/culture.Fashion in our epoch administrates the body and thus divests itself of all essentialist. This must be good news for women since essentialist ideologies have been oppressive to them. Fashion often plays with, and playfully transgresses gender boundaries, inverting stereotypes and making us of the masque of femininity. (Wilson, 1994, up. 187) However for the younger generation of females (girls) and males (boys) the imp act of fashion is slightly different; for girls styles of dress are accessory for the accomplishment of social status, of irreconcilability, of a position in the world that saves one from being cast out (Pomeranian,2008).For both girls and boys being unfashionable or out dated can have a negative effect on individuals for they can become the target for bullies hence fashion in this sense is important it determines whether one is in the group or out the group (Pomeranian, 2008). However a particular fashion trend is not for everyone as in not everyone can ‘own it', in other words not everyone will suit every fashion trend, and therefore if he or she does not own' the look then others will end up labeling him or her as a try hard' and become out castes (Pomeranian, 2008).Overall fashion has drastically changed since the fifteenth century, from fashion being only available to aristocrats to fashion being mass produced for everyone that can afford it. An external cause for this ch ange would be when the French exposed the style of bohemianism and the internal cause is that not only nobles and aristocrats have access to the fashion but also those who are wealthy thus making fashion more accessible to the public, the French Revolution accelerated this process.This continued until fashion became entirely exposed to the public and every one now has the right to be fashionable, fashion is then mass produced due to the increase of demands. This then became a modern internal cause for fashion is that people wants to discover, identify and distinguish themselves yet feel like they belong therefore they imitate those they new or admire and try to become part of the ‘in group' to not feel out castes. Since fashion has become democratic there is now more competition for fashion nowadays. References Edwards T. 1997, Men in the mirror: men's fashion, masculinity and consumer society,

Pest on Tesco Essays

Pest on Tesco Essays Pest on Tesco Essay Pest on Tesco Essay The diagrams and the tables that are used in this report are the below: Economic growth diagram Inflation diagram Unemployment diagram Immigration diagram Acknowledgements I would like to thank all the people who are behind these sites and all the web sites that I used, which were very helpful for me to finish my report. Summary In the PEST analysis below is given a description of the environment of the chosen firm in which the firm operates. Also are given some reasons of the importance of the PEST analysis and in the end is provided the influence of political, economical, social and technological factors in the firm’s operation. Introduction Tesco is probably one of the largest food retailers in the UK and generally one of the largest in the world. Tesco operates around 2,318 stores and employs over than 360,000 people (internet source 1). It gives the ability to the consumers to make shopping online, through its subsidiary Tesco. om. Tesco has a wide range of services and is not limited as a normal supermarket. Originally, it is specializing in food and drink, but also it is spread into many other areas. Some of these areas could be clothing, financial services, home and car insurance. PEST analysis is a powerful tool for understanding the external environment which surrounds the business. To be mo re specific, what it is meant to be the expression PEST is the Political, Economic, Social and Technological factors that a firm’s operation can be expressed. Before starting a new business, in the running time of an organization and basically to monitor the future of the organization, it is essential to be carried out a PEST analysis. The aim of the report for Pest analysis of Tesco’s is to monitor the present and to keep an eye on the future. However, the reason of doing the Pest analysis is for checking any changes that could be done in the future and might influence the firm’s behavior, in political, economic, social and technological issues. Methodology Using internet as main source of the report, information about employment law, economic growth, inflation, unemployment, immigration, internet, innovation and technological advances will be taken under consideration. It will be helpful to understand how all these factors influence the firm at present and have an eye on the future. Findings – Results In this section of the report are mentioned the main macroeconomic objectives that government tries to support in order to keep up stability of the economy. These objectives are economic growth, inflation, unemployment and immigration. PATERNITY LEAVE AND PAY IS EXTENTED If the mother of the child returns to work before the maternity leave period ends to which she is entitled and then fathers will be able to benefit from up to 26 weeks’ additional leave. This may be paid and will be available when the child goes over the first six months of his life, if the taken during the mother’s statutory maternity pay period. The legislation of this law is to come into force in April 2010, with effect for parents of babies due from 3 April 2011. (Internet source 1) ECONOMIC GROWTH Since the summer of 2007 and the till nowadays, the economy of many countries round the word, suffers from the global crisis, one of these countries is also UK and it is to be expected the negative affection on the economic growth of the country. However, as Davison (2007:270) states, â€Å"In some years there is a high rate of economic and in other years, economic growth is low or even negative†. This rising and falling of the economic growth is not something unusual. In addition, Davison (2007) argues, that it is a continuous cycle, which has four stages, the upturn, the rapid expansion, the peaking out and the slowdown. At the moment we are experiencing the slowdown stage. (Internet source 2) The above table shows the economy growth in the UK in quarters. During the year 2005 and 2007 the economy showed a stability that does not occur in 2006 and 2008. Especially in 2008 the progress is negative INFLATION Davison (2007:268) argues that, â€Å"By inflation we mean a general rise in prices throughout the economy†. Government policy seeks to stabilize and to keep inflation low. An important reason of this is that it will aid the process of economic decision making as Davison (2007) states. UK inflation rate starts to rise, as shown from the national statistics. Internet source 3) Many people because of the crisis that many countries suffer of it, including UK, do not spend their money to unnecessary products but on products first needs for their living. Due to the increase of inflation as shown the graph above, if firms want to be competitive again, have to reduce the prices of their products. U NEMPLOYMENT Unemployment is a common problem for many countries, so UK as well. They aim to reduce unemployment because it is a negative figure on government resources as Davison (2007) argues. In addition Davison (2007:268) states that, â€Å"Also unemployment represents a waste of human resources†. The graph below shows the increase of unemployment in the UK. (Internet sources 4) The increase of unemployment shows us that in the 3rd quarter almost 140,000 people lost their job. However, that means the government will lose incomes coming for instance from taxes and insurances that the unemployment people were going to pay if they have a normal monthly income as they used to have. IMMIGRATION Many people leave their county hopefully to find another place to live, searching something better which will give them a meaning to their life and for so many others reasons. UK is an attractive country for immigrants, offering many jobs and better life for them. The majority of the immigrants are not educated with a result not to get a good job but the appropriate one to live normally. However, there is a number of people who come to UK searching for a job and because they are educated enough they get a well paid job. The figure above shows the increase of immigration in UK. Every year immigrants come to country more and more. An estimated 590,000 people arrived to live in UK in 2008 which is the second highest figure on record after 596,000 in 2006. Internet source 5) INTERNET Internet is included in technological factor of Pest analysis. Tesco gives the ability to its customers to do shopping online but still is a quite difficult for its customers for the fact that some people do not find easy the order that they have to follow for online shopping. However, to do online shopping you have to meet specific requirements. For instance, to have a Tesco club card is one of the requirements. INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCES Technological advance for Tesco would be more specific software which will record all the import and export product of Tesco. It is an advantage for a firm to know what stock has or what products sells for a better organized procedure of it. For instance, sometime some firms like Tesco, when a product that it sells, has been sold and is not available any more for the customers, is a bad image of the firm with a result to lose customers. Discussion Tesco is a food retailer and operates in UK. The PEST analysis will be carried out will point out some of the main factors that influence Tesco. Such factors could be political, economic, social and technological. In the first section political factors are on discussion. Tesco, according to employment law â€Å"Paternity leave and pay is extended†, which will be legally approved on the 3rd of April 2010, should take under consideration the staff recruitment. If Tesco wants to be as less as impossible affected by this law its staff should be equally share in men and women. According to this law Tesco will have to pay the percentage of men who are not going to work probably but legally during their absence and then it will have to recruitment more staff to cover the space that is going to exist. The consequence would be that Tesco will have more costs which could be avoided. The second section is the economic factors. When there is an economic growth of the country, people will continue shop from Tesco and the profits of it will increase because more money will be in a daily transaction between people and Tesco or any firm. However, when people’s wealth(income) growths might be a negative effect on Tesco sales, because people will switch to more expensive food retailers. People with the global crisis started to think more conservatory and they just buy necessary products. That might stay as a characteristic of them self and even if their income will be increased they will not change their habits. However, as the rate of the unemployment of the country increases Tesco is earning customers and making more profits. People who have low income or are unemployment they turn to shop from Tesco because it has low price products. People try to find ways to save some money when there is so much of unemployment in the country and Tesco provides such solutions. Also as the inflation in UK and generally rises, there is a general rise in prices. People are more careful of where and what they spend their money. They do not buy unnecessary products but only for basic needs. This will affect Tesco positive, because it sells products in low price and there you can find products for basic need cheapest. Immigration can be considered as a social factor of PEST analysis. A huge number of people emigrate and come to UK to live and find a job. As the graph shows above on 2006 and 2008 was the highest record of people who arrived in UK. According to that fact Tesco’s customers becoming more and more year by year. When people come to UK and search for a job, it is true that they do not have a high standard income, and they turn to shop from Tesco. Of course they will not shop from food retailers which are expensive but they will try to find the cheapest one, without that is worse than any other food retailer shop. About technological factors, which internet is included, Tesco should consider that many people do not know how to use internet and should try to simplify the procedure of doing shop online. Furthermore, with that impressive movement of Tesco to offer to the customers the opportunity to shop online and then to deliver to them the products is still quite complicated for some people to do it, because they do not meet the requirements. Such requirements are to have a Tesco club card and also they have to sign up in specific data base. That might be a reason for Tesco not being able to expand market share in the future. In addition, if Tesco will promote specific software which record any export or import of its products might gain more customers, because customers sometimes when they go for shopping and search for a specific product and it is not available at the moment are dissatisfied and might start a word of mouth negative promotion. Conclusion and Recommendations In this part of the report the PEST analysis has come to an end and it is essential to refer to the fact that even of the governmental intervention the economic environment remains unstable. However, Tesco has to relate its operation according to some laws which has to be taken under consideration if it wants to make more profits and to expand market share at the present and to keep an eye in the future. In the economic factor of PEST analysis, I recommend for the business to be more carefully with the recruitment staff. Tesco should recruitment younger people and should have an equally balance between the staff to skip some costs depending on the employment law, for instance to pay paternity leave and to recruitment new staff to recover the space that will be if some people of its staff have to be away from the business for a period of time according to the law. It is a waste of money for Tesco. Basically when there is inflation in the country the prices go up. In fact there are numbers of people who will prefer Tesco for shopping in such cases. In some cases, businesses are able to set prices, so a good recommended solution for Tesco, to make more profits and to gain more customers in the future is to set lower prices. In fact it sells products in lower price than others food retailers but because it is also spread into others areas like clothing or financial services that would be a good recommendation. In addition, when the rate of unemployment is high, if Tesco wants to be more profitable I recommend the business to also set lower price to be more competitive but because it is also has low price to find the best price which will still give to it profit and to attract the customers. That can be done also when the rate of immigration is also high. However, an also good recommendation for gaining customers and making more profit is that Tesco should provide some promotional offers. For instance, buy one product and get another one free or buy one and get another in half price. In technological factor, would be good if Tesco take under consideration in the future specific software to record all the import and export products. It is essential for customers when they search for a specific product to can find it easily and to be available at any time. And finally, I recommend Tesco to make easier the access on its website and the procedure for the online shop. That would be a reason for gaining customers and its online sales will be much more, because some people prefer to do shopping online than going to the store and if they are more close to another food retailer, probably they will shop from there. By doing that Tesco will just rise its profits. References Book: -Davison, L. (2007) The Business Environment 3rd Edition, Pearson Custom Publications -Internet web pages all accessed on the 13th and 14th of December 2009: 1)Personneltoday. com : personneltoday. com/events/list. aspx? navigationid=10type=10026 2

Economic Overview of BRICS †Industry Analysis Essay Example

Economic Overview of BRICS – Industry Analysis Essay Example Economic Overview of BRICS – Industry Analysis Essay Economic Overview of BRICS – Industry Analysis Essay Economic Overview of BRICS – Industry Analysis Name: Course: Date: Economic Overview of BRICS – Industry Analysis Introduction One of the key industries in the growth of the global economy is the telecommunication industry that is growing at the fastest rate with advancement in technology. The total spending in the telecommunication technology is growing by 2.8%, which represents $1.84 trillion (Wansink, 2009). The whole world is now interconnected with telecommunication technology that comprises of telephones, mobile phones and internet linked to computers. Previously, the telecom industry was comprised of large national and regional companies owned by governments. The previous decade has seen a change in this where many organizations are privatized, and more players coming up to increase competition. This has also come with deregulations. Among the biggest growing countries that comprise of Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa, BRICS, telecommunication is the main contributor to growth. In each of the BRICS countries, there are key players, both local and multinational playing a crucial role in th eir development. Brazil The Brazilian telecom industry is expected to generate revenue of US$ 120 billion in 2012 (Wansink, 2009). Within its market, fixed line revenues continue to decrease while the mobile, internets and data, and pay television continue to gain prominence with their revenues growing rapidly. Just like the other BRICS countries, its growing economy and high population continue to fuel the growth. The spending power of Brazil is driving the growth, with more and more demand for telecommunication services. Additionally, the government has taken measures to reduce the cost of telecommunication services in order to push into the market. Additionally, with the expected growth of 3%-3.5% in 2012 and 4%-5% in 2013, growth within the telecommunication industry can be expected (Wansink, 2009). Some of the companies in Brazil include Telefonica Brasil, Sercomtel and Nextel Brasil. Telefonica Brasil is the second largest company in the Brazilian telecommunication industry. The company is currently focusing on an expansion of its network coverage and the increasing subscribers to its mobile broadband. To increase its mobile broadband revenues, it is expanding on 3G data network, and it is taking an advantage to take an early lead in the 4G network (Wansink, 2009). Sercomtel is yet another leading local telecommunication company in Brazil. It operates in voice services that include landline, mobile services and long distance telecommunication, as well as internet services through its broadband. Considering the stability of the market, Brazil is one of the best countries to invest in, since it might not be affected by the Euro recession. Russia The telecom market in Russia has been growing, in part due to liberalization in long-distance telecom and a new introduction of interconnection between operators (Russian-American Business, 2007). Some of the leading operators in Russia are VimpelCom, MegaFon and MTS. MegaFon is the second largest mobile operator and fourth largest telecom company in Russia. It operates in GSM and UMTS standards. As at June 2012, the company had a total of 62.1 million subscribers locally and another 1.6 million subscribers in other countries that include Osetia, Abkhazia and Tajikistan. The MTS is the largest mobile operator within Russia with more than 102.4 million subscribers at the end of 2009 (Russian-American Business, 2007). It is licensed to operate in 82 regions in Russia out of the total 83. It also serves other countries, Ukraine, Uzbekistan, Turkmenistan, Armenia, and Belarus. It provides GSM services. It also operates around 3300 retails chains for mobile phones (Russian-American Business, 2007). It also has MTS branded mobile handsets. The other key player in the Russian telecom market is the VimpelCom, which is among the largest integrated telecom companies worldwide. It provides both voice and data services using a range of traditional fixed technology and mobile broadband. It provides services to its customers under the Beeline, Mobilink, and Telecel among others. As at June 2012, the company had 208 million subscribers (Russian-American Business, 2007). Competition in Russia is increasing rapidly with many companies that are established in its market considering it is the biggest country. The development and growth of the telecommunication market in Russia has been pushed by support from the government with expenditure on information and communication, as well as the growing economy that grew by 6.8% in 2006 (Russian-American Business, 2007). India India is yet another rapidly growing country with the largest growth of mobile phone users. Its rapid growing economy due to manufacturing is one of the main contributors as well as its enormous population providing ready market. Some of the telecommunication companies in India include Bharti Airtel Limited and Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited. Bharti Airtel Limited is commonly known as Airtel, operating in over 20 countries across south of Asia, Africa, as well as the Channel Islands. It currently ranks as the third largest mobile service provider company. Airtel provides voice services, data services including 2G, 3G and 4G internet services depending on the country (airtel.in, 2012). As at august 2012, the company had around 261 million subscribers within the 20 countries. Additionally, it provides television subscription in India and second largest in fixed telephone (Wansink, 2009). The other key player in the Indian telecommunication industry is the Bharat Sanchar Nigam Limited, B SNL. It is a state owned company. It is the largest fixed telephony service provider in India and ranks fourth in mobile service provision. It also provides broadband service. The company has recently incurred losses due to stiff competition from other telecommunication industries. However, it remains as one of the largest and oldest providers of telecommunication. Competition within India is increasing steadily with the entrant of new companies in the telecommunication industry. Additionally, the vast population cannot be served by one telecommunication industry considering the high demands of telecommunication especially mobile services and internet since India is the biggest outsourcing country. Additionally, its growing economy is contributing to the development in this industry with the government reducing regulation and allowing more companies to enter the market. China A brief overview of the Chinese telecommunication industry shows that it is among the fastest growing industries. In 2010 to 2012, the industry revenues grew by 4.1%. Some of the key players in the telecommunication industry in China include China Mobile, China Unicom and China Telecom (Simon, 2011). The Chinese telecom industry is dominated by the three companies and highly controlled by the government. Initially, they were six, but then reduced to three. China mobile is the biggest among them all, taking a market share of 67.5% in 2006 (Simon, 2011). It has taken over from several other companies towards the end of the last century such as Fujian mobile, Henan mobile, and among others. Through these takeovers, it has grown to become the biggest digital mobile company in the world serving the largest number of customers (Simon, 2011). The other key player is the China Unicom that is a state owned telecom company. In 2008, the company had 125 million GSM subscribers and 43 million CDMA subscribers Chinaunicom.com. (2012). However, it moved its CDMA services to China telecom and Universal Mobile Telecommunication System that has launched recently in China. China Telecom is the third player in the Chinese telecommunication market that is entering other markets part from China such as Australia. It has 149 million subscribers including 3G subscribers (chinatelecom-h.com 2012). It was voted the best managed company in Asia in 2011 that was awarded by Euromoney, FinanceAsia and among most honored companies by Institutional Investor. Currently, the telecom industry in china is highly controlled by the state considering it has a company owned by the government. However, competition is deemed to increase soon from the government plans to enhance other entrants. South Africa South Africa is the largest and most developed economy in Africa. Telecommunication industry is the fastest growing industry in South Africa that is driven by growth in mobile telephony and broadband connection. The network in South Africa is 99.9% digital, serving as the most developed telecommunication technology in Africa (southafrica.info, 2012). In terms of fixed line telephony, the country ranked 34th and 26th in terms of subscriber number in mobile telephony. All telecommunication sectors, including undersea connectivity and broadband, are growing at a rapid rate (southafrica.info, 2012). Some of the telecommunication companies in South Africa include Vodacom and Neotel Vodacom is mobile telecommunication company in pan-Africa that was the first cellular network introduced in South Africa. The company provides GSM services to more than 35 million subscribers across South Africa, Lesotho, Tanzania, Mozambique and the Democratic Republic of Congo. Neotel is yet another competitive company in South Africa’s telecommunication industry. It was previously known as SNO telecommunications. It was unveiled in 2006 and becomes the first company to offer direct competition to the current companies at the time. It provides mobile telephony and data services. In South Africa, competition is only increasing considering there are few competitors. However, the few companies available are able to serve the demand of the country as it increases. An opportunity for more telecommunication companies exists (southafrica.info, 2012). In Flight Broadband Services As telecommunication technology and services continue advancing, provision of broadband services to customers in flights has also been increasing with companies such as Gogo Air increasing its presence internationally. Gogo Air has been prominent in United States and Canada. Recently, it has moved to other countries with the intention of increasing its services (gogoair.com, 2012). Its services are dependent on the potential of growth in both broadband and air transport services considering it targets those in flight. The company depends on the airline companies to provide its services. One of the ideal countries among the BRIC where in flight broadband services is attaining rapid growth is Brazil. With its approximate 30 airlines, both domestic and international, as well as a rapidly growing demand for broadband telecommunication services in general, there is a tremendous opportunity for in-flight broadband services. India also has a considerable number of airlines, but there is potential for growth. Additionally, its growing telecommunication market provides an exceptional opportunity for in flight broadband services. Gogo Air remains the key player in Brazil, with a recent expansion to United Airlines having fitted its broadband in their airplanes. Other companies that offer competition include Row 44 that provides its services in the Transaero airlines (Sharkey, 2012). With a growth in the telecommunication industry in Brazil, there is a massive opportunity for growth of in flight broadband services. Gogo Air provides its services to other BRIC countries as well. The company has established its services in India. It serves several airlines, both Indian and from other countries that land in the country. It is currently expanding its business to the available airlines. The demand for in-flight broadband services in India continues to increase as more and more continue to demand internet services. However, other competitors are also establishing in India such as the Row 44 and Lufthansa. Row 44 provides services to some of the international fight going in n out of India. In-flight broadband allows a company providing the service to offer it in several countries as long as it provides the service to the airlines flying to the particular country (Sharkey, 2012). Lufthansa, on the other hand, provides the same services, and currently is expanding its route such as between India and Germany. It has already started providing wi-fi broadband services for internet through laptops and soon will extend to mobile phone services such a text messages and emails a well by the end of the year (Economic Times. 2012). Gogo Air has recently entered a deal with Air China to provide in flight broadband services to their customers. Trials have already been done, and services are underway as of last year. This means that services have already commenced, and travelers can access internet services in flight from United States to china as well as between local cities in china. The major competitor in China for Gogo Air remains as Row 44 that is looking forward to start operating in China. Gogo Air is also operating in Russia, but just like the other BRIC countries is faced by competition from Row 44 that provides the same services in Russia as well. This service is growing and gaining prominence in Russia just as the other BRIC countries considering the growing demand for internet services in these countries. However, South Africa does not have any company established to provide in flight services. Conclusion With such an analysis, it is possible to rank the countries in terms of which would be best to enter. The attractiveness of each market can be assessed to find out the level of competition and requirements of entering each of the market. Each of the BRICS countries has a potential for further growth. Thus, entering each of these markets would yield profits. However, entering some of them like China could prove quite hard since the government has substantial control of this industry. The most favorable for entering business would be Brazil, due to its risk factor and a fact that it might not be adversely affected by the Euro economic crisis. In terms of in flight broadband services, Brazil has the best opportunity due to it number of airlines as well as several telecommunication companies both international and domestic. On the other hand, India has immense potential due to its continuing growth in telecommunication as well as airlines. China is also growing as well as Russia in the in-flight services. On the other hand, South Africa is yet to provide such technology. References Airtel.in. (2012). Bharti Airtel. Retrieved from airtel.in/wps/wcm/connect/about+bharti+airtel/Bharti+Airtel/About+bharti+airtel/ Chinatelecom-h.com. (2012). Key Performance Indicators. Retrieved from chinatelecom-h.com/eng/company/company_overview.htm Chinaunicom.com. (2012). Products and Services. Retrieved from chinaunicom.com.hk/en/products/products_mobile.html Economic Times. (2012). Lufthansa to provide wi-fi as paid in-flight service on select routes. Retrieved from http://articles.economictimes.indiatimes.com/2012-10-08/news/34322881_1_wi-fi-hotspot-lufthansa-ground-network Gogoair.com. (2012). An Exclusive In-Air Experience. Retrieved from gogoair.com/gogo/cms/inAirService.do Russian-American Business. (2007). Russia‘s Telecom industry. Retrieved from russianamericanbusiness.org/web_CURRENT/articles/178/1/Russia%26%2339%3Bs-Telecom-industry Simon, J. P. (2011). The ICT Landscape in BRICS Countries: Brazil, India, China. European Commission. Sharkey, J. (2012). Offering in flight broadband service. Retrieved from deccanherald.com/content/165480/offering-inflight-broadband-service.html Southafrica.info. (2012). South Africa’s telecommunications. Retrieved from southafrica.info/business/economy/infrastructure/telecoms.htm Wansink, K. (2009). Global – Industry – The Telecoms Markets in the Emerging BRIC Economies. Retrieved from budde.com.au/Research/Global-Industry-The-Telecoms-Markets-in-the-Emerging-BRIC-Economies.html

Statement of objectives Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words - 1

Statement of objectives - Essay Example of the Department of Public Administration and Urban Studies to improve the capacity of public service in a dynamic urban society through furthering education and community engagement. With my master degree, I was credited with 3 Advanced Certificates in Management from the same university, to wit: Advanced Certificate in Information Management, Advanced Certificate in Telecommunication Management, and Advanced Certificate in Human Resource. Equipped with these academic achievements, I am prepared to undertake greater challenges in higher education. My ultimate goal is to be an instrument of change to my country once I completed the PhD in Urban Studies and Public Affairs in conjunction with Cleveland State University’s College of Public Affairs. The University of Akron is one of the most prestigious institutions which can accord a multi disciplinary approach to the program. I am optimistic in learning various public service and urban studies issues affecting not only the local and national level, but more so, their impact and influence on international levels. I would like to be given the opportunity to share the theoretical and practical applications of public affairs and urban studies in Saudi Arabia, which unselfishly provided me with 100% scholarship through the King Abdullah Graduate Studies Scholarship Program. If accepted, I plan to spend part of my time developing greater insight into one of my primary research interests – stewardship applications in electronic business. For individuals who exemplify characteristics and behavior that demonstrate the concept of stewardship and serving society, the most important consideration is to take accountability without instilling control or dominion over those persons or properties one is tasked to take care of. The benefits that the degree in sciences of management emphasize that public policies’ response to change is a necessary component to adapt and adjust to inefficiencies, conflicts and developments

History of the Mayan Culture based on remains found by archaeologists Research Paper - 1

History of the Mayan Culture based on remains found by archaeologists - Research Paper Example nt Mayan culture in the light of the available records discovered by their predecessor archaeologists for comparing the facts and figures related to the distinguished civilization under consideration. Although no authentic written record is available portraying the exact picture of pre-history Mayan, the relics estimate the very fact that the ancient civilization of the Mayan region existed somewhat between 200 BCE and 800 CE in Mexico and its adjacent areas situated in North America geographically in the north east of the Pacific Ocean (Forrest, 2004:7). Consequently, only contextual analyses could be made in order to define the domestic life, community organization, trade and business and political structure of Mayan civilization in the light of figures and ancient writings (Marcus, 172). In addition, Keen & Haynes (2004:52) also endorse the estimation that the region of Mayan culture encompassed present day Belize, and parts of southern Mexico, Guatemala, El Salvador and Honduras, where the community experienced highest influential political and economic position and esteem from 200 to 900 CE in comparison to its neighboring areas. Although less than 1% or so is known to the p resent world about the Mayan people (Keen & Haynes: 53), yet the relics demonstrate that the individuals belonging to that era were highly educated, cultured and civilized ones, who had command over mathematics, geometry, astronomy and other disciplines and their rules. Their architecture reveals the very fact that the Mayan people used to construct buildings in a symmetrical way, according to mathematical rules and formulae; the same could also be witnessed by critically examining the pyramids and edifices constructed by them in ancient times (Joralemon, 60-61). They also maintained knowledge of astronomical and astrological principles, and observed the same while constructing the directions of their houses, temples, political set ups and cultural centers. While taking the religious